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THE GOSPEL OF LUKE
[“Satanic Tests and Nazarene Anger”]
Key word: Nazarene
|| Matthew 4:1-11;162
Mark 1:12, 13163162
Matthew 4:1-11: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Matthew. 163 Mark 1:12, 13: For details
see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Mark.
LK4:1
Now, Jesus full of holy Pneuma, returning from the Jordan, was guided by the Pneuma into the desert,
LK4:2 and throughout forty days he was tempted164
by the Devil. During those days Jesus had nothing to eat and so at the end he was hungry.
LK4:3
So the Devil said to him: “If you are a son of God tell this rock to become a loaf of bread.”
LK4:4
Jesus told the Devil:
“It is written:
‘Humans do not live on bread alone.’” [Deuteronomy 8:3]
LK4:5
And then the Devil took Jesus and showed him in just a moment of time all the kingdoms of the inhabited earth.
LK4:6
The Devil told Jesus: “I will give you all of this authority and their glory as it has been given to me and I may give it to anyone I want.
LK4:7 So it will all be yours165
if you bow down before me.”
164 Throughout forty days he was tempted: The temptation of Christ covered a forty-day period. We are only told about three of the temptations
near the end.
LK4:8
But, Jesus answered him:
“It is written:
‘YHWH your God you shall bow down before and Him alone shall you worship.’”
[Deuteronomy 6:13]
LK4:9
So then the Devil led Jesus to Jerusalem and placed him upon the highest point of the temple area and told him: “If you are a son of God jump off,
LK4:10 for it is written:
‘He will give His angels commands regarding you to protect you.’
[Psalm 91:11]
LK4:11 And also:
‘They will carry you in their hands lest you strike your foot on a rock.’” [Psalm 91:12]
LK4:12
But Jesus responded to the Devil:
“It is written:
‘You shall not put YHWH your God to the test.’”
[Deuteronomy 6:16]
LK4:13
Now after the Devil had finished all his temptation he left Jesus until another opportune moment.166165 It will all be yours: At his parousia the “kingdom of the world” becomes that of Christ anyway. [Revelation 11:15; Psalm
2:8; Daniel 2:44; 7:13, 27] 166 Until another opportune moment: Or, NEB: biding his time; RHM: a fitting season; RIE: until a fresh occasion should present itself. This is unique to Luke. It indicates
the Devil did not give up on Jesus but continued to tempt him at other times.
LK4:14
Now Jesus returned to Galilee in the power of the Pneuma. Reports about him went out throughout all of the surrounding countryside.
LK4:15
He was praised by everyone167
as he continued teaching in the synagogues.167 Praised by everyone: Or, MON: glorified by all; NEB: all men sang his praises.
|| Matthew 13:53-58;168
Mark 6:1-6169168
Matthew 13:53-58: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Matthew. 169 Mark 6:1-6: For details
see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Mark.
LK4:16
Now Jesus arrived in Nazareth where he had grown up and there he entered the synagogue on the Sabbath, as was his custom. When he stood up to read
LK4:17 the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it had been written:
LK4:18
“‘YHWH’s Pneuma170
is upon me for He has anointed me to preach Good News to the poor. He has sent me to preach a release to the captives and a recovery of sight to the blind – to send the oppressed away to freedom -
LK4:19
to preach YHWH’s acceptable year.’”
[Isaiah 61:1, 2 LXX]
LK4:20
After he rolled up the scroll and handed it back to the attendant he sat down. Everyone’s eyes in the synagogue were fixed firmly upon Jesus.
LK4:21
Then Jesus told them all:
“Today this Scripture you heard is being fulfilled as you listen.”171170 YHWH’s Pneuma: Or, KJV: the Spirit of the Lord. The source of the quotation has the Tetragram. The phrase “Jehovah’s
spirit” is rare in the Hebrew Bible. [Judges 6:34; 11:29; 13:25; 14:6, 19; 15:14] The phrase “spirit of Jehovah” only occurs about two dozen times in the Hebrew Bible. “Holy spirit” occurs only three times. [Psalm 51:11; Isaiah
63:10, 11] 171 Fulfilled as you listen: Or, NEB: in your very hearing this text has come true.
LK4:22
Afterward everyone spoke well of Jesus, as they were amazed at the gracefulness of the words172
coming out of his mouth. They were all saying: “Is this not Joseph’s son?”
LK4:23
So Jesus responded to them:
“Without a doubt you will tell me about the parable: ‘Physician, heal yourself!’173 And you will tell me: ‘Everything we heard you do in Capernaum do here also in your own hometown.’”174
172 The gracefulness of the words: Or, NEB: words of such grace; TCN: beautiful words. We must assume Christ said more than what is recorded
in Luke, for such a brief reading and comment are not likely enough to arouse such a response. 173 Physician, heal yourself: Only doctor Luke includes this proverb.
LK4:24
But, then Jesus said:
“I tell you this truth: no prophet is welcome in his own hometown.
LK4:25
Really, I tell you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of
Elijah – when the sky was shut up
for three years and six months, causing a great famine throughout the land
–
LK4:26
and Elijah was not sent to one of these widows except to that
widow in Zarephath of Sidon.
[1 Kings 17:9]
LK4:27
Also, there were many lepers in Israel during
Elisha the prophet’s time, and not one of them was cleansed except Naaman the Syrian.”
[2 Kings 5:14]
LK4:28
As a result all of those in the synagogue were filled with rage175
when they heard these things.
174 Do here also in your own hometown: They are trying to direct Jesus to perform miracles in Nazareth as he did elsewhere. They want a show. The Nazarene is aware of their motives.
LK4:29
So they rose up and drove Jesus outside of the town to a hilltop where the village had been built intent on throwing him off.
LK4:30
But Jesus went right through the middle of them and walked away.
175 As a result all of those in the synagogue were filled with rage: Or, filled with wrath, infuriated, enraged. Jesus has pointed out
that in the cases of Elijah and Elisha only non-Jews experienced the prophets’ miracles. The intimation irritates those in Jesus’ hometown.
|| Matthew 7:28, 29;176
Mark 1:21-28177176
Matthew 7:28, 29: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Matthew. 177 Mark 1:21-28: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Mark.
LK4:31 Then Jesus went down to Capernaum a town in Galilee, and there he continued teaching on the Sabbaths.
LK4:32 And they were all amazed at his teaching178
because his message was delivered with authority.179
178 Amazed at his teaching: Or, KJV: astonished at his doctrine; RHM: struck with astonishment; MON: deeply impressed.
LK4:33 Now in the synagogue there was someone possessed by an unclean demon, and he screamed in a loud voice:
LK4:34 “Ahhhhh, what is there between you and us,180
Jesus the Nazarene? Did you come to destroy us?181
I know who you are – the Holy One of The God!”182
179 His word was with authority: Or, KJV: his word was with power; NEB: what he said had the note of authority; RIE: his words had the ring
of authority. 180 What is there between you and us: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on this phrase compare John 2:4. 181 Did you come to destroy us: This is a possible suggestion that the demons were aware of Christ’s pre-existence.
LK4:35
Then Jesus rebuked him, saying:
“Shut up! Come out of him!”
And after knocking him down right in the middle of them all, the demon came out of him without any harm.
LK4:36 Everyone was awestruck and they began telling one another: “What is this message? For with authority and power he commands unclean demons and they come out!”
LK4:37 So a report about Jesus continued to spread into every corner of the surrounding area.
182 The Holy One of The God: Possibly a reference to the pre-existent Word. [John 1:1]
|| Matthew 8:14-17;183
Mark 1:29-34, 35-39184183
Matthew 8:14-17: For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Matthew. 184 Mark 1:29-34, 35-39:
For details see notes in Nazarene Commentary 2000 on Mark.
LK4:38
After leaving the synagogue Jesus entered into the house of Simon [Peter] whose mother-in-law was suffering with a great fever.185
And so they all asked Jesus about her.
LK4:39
Then standing over her, Jesus rebuked the fever and it left her instantly. And afterward she rose and began to wait on them all.
LK4:40
Now at sunset everyone who had sick among them with a variety of illnesses brought them to Jesus. And he would lay his hands upon every one, curing them.
LK4:41
Also, many demons were exorcised, screaming: “You are
God’s Son!”186
[Psalm 2:7] But, Jesus rebuked them and forbid them to speak because they realized he was
the Christ. [Psalm 2:2; Daniel 9:25]185 A great fever: Only doctor Luke mentions the degree of the fever. 186 You are God’s Son: God’s Son and Christ are synonymous.
It is possible this is an allusion to Christ’s pre-existence.
LK4:42
Now when day dawned Jesus left for a private spot. So the crowds continued to look for him and when they found him they tried to prevent him from leaving them.
LK4:43
Because of this Jesus told them:
“It is necessary that I must also preach to other towns about the kingdom of The God,187 for this is the reason I was sent.”
LK4:44
And so Jesus continued to preach in the synagogues of Judea.
187 The kingdom of The God: The central theme of Christ’s message. The key word “kingdom” occurs 55 times in Matthew,
23 times in Mark, 45 times in Luke, and 5 times in John. The term may refer to a] the Realm of the King, that is, the Church; and, b] the seat of government under the sovereignty of God.
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Nazarene Commentary 2000© Mark Heber Miller ©2000 All Rights Reserved |
